Food insecurity and hunger Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Food insecurity and hunger - Essay Example In other words over 43% of the population is living on less than $75 a month. These poverty figures are directly correlated with the rise of food insecurity across the world. Throughout the world there is a growing disparity between the rich and the poor. A majority of the global wealth is controlled by the private corporate world. Multinational corporations such as McDonald’s and Microsoft are worth billions of dollars. The accumulated wealth of the private sector surpasses the wealth held by the combined governments of the over 200 countries around the globe. Governmental institutions benefit from the efforts of the private sector by charging them taxes. Taxes are the primary source of income of most governments. Due to the corruption of governmental institutions in developing countries the financial resources of governmental institutions are not being effectively utilized to fight hunger. In countries such as Lybia which is in the middle of a civil war and is currently at w ar with the United States, the government is spending more on military expenses than in resources to fight hunger. In the United States the military spending is also astronomical. Hunger and food insecurity is not limited to developing nations. In the United States in 2005 approximately 37 million people were living with incomes that were lower than the federal poverty line (Rector & Johnson). The troubles of worldwide hunger and food insecurity have troubled governmental institutions due to the fact that for decades the initiatives associated with development aid, agricultural improvements, and market expansion failed to eradicate hunger. None of these solutions has been effective at battling hunger in the long term. A major issue associated with world hunger is that the prices of food items have been going up. There were major inflationary forces in the prices of food during 2007 and 2008. Food security occurs when all people have physical, social and economic forces sufficient fo od to meet their dietary needs. A factor that can turn a society instantly into a food insecurity condition is a natural event such as an earthquake. In Japan there are over 500,000 people that are homeless and living through condition of food insecurity. It is important for people in the develop world to donate when these types of events occur. The online giant Yahoo Corporation has been able to raise over $6 million in donations for the victim’s of Japan’s 9.0 magnitude earthquake. Three core elements associated with food insecurity are food availability, access to food, and food utilization. There are different reasons or motivators of why one government donates to another. The three key motivators are political, economic, and humanitarian. The United States contributes 60% of the global food aid. The US makes donation at times to improve its political relations with a particular country. The humanitarian efforts are spurred by the media, while the economic variable is a motivator because the country giving food will obtain some sort of economic remuneration for its food products. According to Barrett and Marwell (2005) food aid serves three purposes: a) short term solution when food availability is declining; b) long-term safety net; c) build assets among poor and food insecure groups when no other forms of aid are open. There are three kinds of food aids. The first option is for the government to give the food supplies to another

People and work Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

People and work - Assignment Example This company is Highway Stores Ltd and we would see the nature of HRM this organization follows. Here in this company the department that handles all the employee related matters is referred to as Personnel Department though it should be noted that the training policies are maintained and looked over by other departments. The head office in Midlands of Highway Stores Ltd controls the Personnel Function and here the hierarchy is formulated in three fold structures with three Personnel Administrators, one Personnel Officer and one Personnel Manager who is directly responsible for the department. Collaboration sense prevails with the department indulge in looking after different personnel duties that include all issues related to employees. Like training the payroll issue is looked after by the Finance department and the Personnel function is responsible to repot all issues relation to these to the Legal Director of the Highway Stores Ltd. Therefore, it could be stated that the responsibilities of the Personnel Function department of Highway Stores Ltd. is limited in many sense among which the training sector which is so important to the HRM is detached from the overhead. This would lead to substantial problem in future as the training modules are formulated only for the store workers and not for the personnel working at the head office. This would ultimately lead to a sense of discrimination in the context of future communication system. This leads to a situation where there needs to be a problem solving overhead for Personnel Function department of Highway Stores Ltd. The absence of such a department only could add fuel to the probable problems to arise in future. However there is a standardized internal policy that provides a tentative guideline if needed. Absence of a clearly laid down policy as well as lack of contact over the training procedures sets a field of probable problem that could cause trouble in future within Personnel Function department of Highway Stores Ltd. It is also found in Personnel Function department of Highway Stores Ltd. that this lack of needed training proves to be of a huge disadvantage whereas this problem is confronted by only the manager who is blissfully qualified in this sense. But this imbalance of knowledge would ultimately cause further drift within the department; at least theoretically there is the potential within the Personnel Function department of Highway Stores Ltd. Another problem at Personnel Function department of Highway Stores Ltd. is the personnel leave and sickness issue. This is another weak point of the department. This is because the Personnel Function department of Highway Stores Ltd. is responsible of keeping record of personnel leave due to sickness which exceeds more than six weeks but apart form this record the department is not responsible for any other records of employees who remain absent for reasons other than sickness. Moreover, records are not maintained if the employee is absent less than six weeks. This proves to be a fatal disadvantage of records by the Personnel Function department of Highway Stores Ltd. and the basic effectiveness of maintaining a HRM is mostly lost. But the most interesting and wearisome problem of the Personnel Fun

Musical Style and Innovations of Beethoven Essay Example for Free

Musical Style and Innovations of Beethoven Essay Musical Style and Innovations Beethoven is viewed as a transitional figure between the Classical and Romantic eras of musical history. Above all, his works distinguish themselves from those of any prior composer through his creation of large, extended architectonic structures characterized by the extensive development of musical material, themes, and motifs, usually by means of modulation, that is, a change in the feeling of the home key, through a variety of keys or harmonic regions. Although Haydns later works often showed a greater fluidity between distant keys, Beethovens innovation was the ability to rapidly establish a solidity in juxtaposing different keys and unexpected notes to join them. This expanded harmonic realm creates a sense of a vast musical and experiential space through which the music moves, and the development of musical material creates a sense of unfolding drama in this space. In this way Beethovens music parallels the simultaneous development of the novel in literature, a literary form focused on the life drama and development of one or more individuals through complex life circumstances, and of contemporaneous German idealisms philosophical notion of self, mind, or spirit that unfolds through a complex process of contradictions and tensions between the subjective and objective until a resolution or synthesis occurs in which all of these contradictions and developmental phases have been resolved or encompassed in a higher unity. Beethoven continued to expand the development section of works, extending a trend in the works of Haydn and Mozart, who had dramatically expanded both the length and substance of instrumental music. As Beethovens major immediate predecessors and influences, he looked to their harmonic and formal models for his own works. However, both Mozart and Haydn placed the great weight of a musical movement in the statement of ideas called the exposition, for Beethoven the development section of a sonata form became the heart of the work. Beethoven was able to do this by making the development section not merely longer, but also more structured. The very long development section of the Eroica Symphony, for example, is divided into four roughly equal sections, making it, in effect, a sonata form within a sonata form. The first movement alone of this symphony is as long as an entire typical Italian-style Mozart symphony from the 1770s. His focus on the development would, like others of his innovations, set a trend that later composers would follow. Although Beethoven wrote many beautiful and lyrical melodies, another radical innovation of his music, compared especially to that of Mozart and Haydn, is his extensive use of forceful, marked, and even stark rhythmic patterns throughout his compositions and, in particular, in his themes and motifs, some of which are primarily rhythmic rather than melodic. Some of his most famous themes, such as those of the first movements of the Third, Fifth, and Ninth symphonies, are primarily non-melodic rhythmic figures consisting of notes of a single chord, and the themes of the last movements of the Third and Seventh symphonies could more accurately be described as rhythms rather than as melodies. This use of rhythm was particularly well suited to the primacy of development in Beethovens music, since a single rhythmic pattern can more easily than a melody be taken through a succession of different, even remote, keys and harmonic regions while retaining and conveying an underlying unity. This allowed him to combine different features of his themes in a wide variety of ways, extending the techniques of Haydn in development (see Sonata Form). He also continued another trend towards larger orchestras that went on until the first decade of the 20th century, and moved the center of the sound downwards in the orchestra, to the violas and the lower register of the violins and cellos, giving his music a heavier and darker feel than Haydn or Mozart. Gustav Mahler modified the orchestration of some of Beethovens music most notably the 3d and 9th symphonies with the idea of more accurately expressing Beethovens intent in an orchestra that had grown so much larger than the one Beethoven used: for example, doubling woodwind parts to compensate for the fact that a modern orchestra has so many more strings than Beethovens orchestra did. Needless to say, these efforts remain controversial. In his Fifth Symphony Beethoven introduced a striking motif, drawn from a late Haydn symphony, in the very opening bar, which he echoed in various forms in all four movements of the symphony. This is the first important occurrence of cyclic form. He was also fond of making usual what had previously been unusual: in the Fifth Symphony, instead of  using a stately minuet, as had been the norm for the dance movement of a four-movement work, he created a dark march, which he used as the third movement and ran into the fourth without interruption. While one can point to previous works which had one or more of these individual features, his music, combined with the use of operatic scoring that he learned from Mehul and Cherubini, created a work which was altogether novel in effect too novel, in fact, for some critics of the time. On the other hand, his contemporary Spohr found the finale too baroque, though he praised the second movement as being in good Romantic style. His Ninth Symphony included a chorus and solo voices in the 4th movement for the first time, and made extensive use of fugues, which were generally considered to be a different form of music, and again unusual in symphonies. He wrote one opera, Fidelio. It has been said that he wrote beautiful vocal music without regard for the limitations of human singers, treating the voice as if it were a symphonic instrument even though his conversation books note his desire to make his music singable and include references that indicate that he had remembered his fathers singing lessons. Beethovens development and works are typically divided into three periods: an early period in which his works show especially the influence of Mozart and Haydn; a middle, mature period in which he developed his distinctive individual style, sometimes characterized as heroic; and a late period, in which he wrote works of a highly evolved, individuated, sometimes fragmented and unorthodox style sometimes characterized as transcendent and sublime, where he tried to combine the baroque ideas of Handel and Bach with his icons Mozart and Haydn. In his late years he called Handel my grand master. In contrast to Mozart, he labored heavily over his work, leaving intermediate drafts that provide considerable insight into his creative process. Early drafts of his Ninth Symphony used rough vertical marks on the score in place of actual notes, to indicate the structure he had in mind for the melody. Studies of his sketch books show the working out of dozens of variations on a particular theme, changing themes to fit with an overall structure that evolved over time, and extensive sketching of counter-melodies.

Philosophy :: essays research papers

Philosophy â€Å"Man’s life is a line that nature commands him to describe upon the surface of the Earth without ever being able to swerve from it, even for an instant†¦His organization does in nowise depend upon himself, his ideas come to him involuntarily, his habits are in the power of those who cause him to contract them†¦He is good or bad, happy or miserable, wise or foolish, reasonable or irrational, without his will being for anything in these various states.† -D’Holbach   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I believe D’Holbach is trying to convey essentially that man is deprived of â€Å"free will.† Mankind in no way possesses any control of their actions, being, personality, or will. Every aspect of a person’s life is predetermined. He says people have only adopted the views of religion and put their faith in supreme beings such as God.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Nietzsche, on the other hand, views human nature in a different perspective. He believes man originated the idea of â€Å"free will† solely for the purpose of accountability to give men authority in crime and punishment. He also writes of the injustice in common misinterpretations of causation. Nietzsche focuses mainly on the relationship between cause and effect and â€Å"free will† whereas D’Holbach speaks more assertively about man’s predetermination and ignores any opposition one might have towards his point of view. Nietzsche also believes a person cannot be held accountable for their existence or living environment (also accountability is a major part of his idea). He states â€Å"No one gives a human being his qualities: not God, not society, not his parents or ancestors, and not himself.† On the contrary, D’Holbach believes some superior being is responsible for having a â€Å"master plan† for each human and giving them their characteristics, hence â€Å"we are cogs in the universe.† I interpret the ideas of these two philosophers to be closely related. Philosophy :: essays research papers Philosophy â€Å"Man’s life is a line that nature commands him to describe upon the surface of the Earth without ever being able to swerve from it, even for an instant†¦His organization does in nowise depend upon himself, his ideas come to him involuntarily, his habits are in the power of those who cause him to contract them†¦He is good or bad, happy or miserable, wise or foolish, reasonable or irrational, without his will being for anything in these various states.† -D’Holbach   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I believe D’Holbach is trying to convey essentially that man is deprived of â€Å"free will.† Mankind in no way possesses any control of their actions, being, personality, or will. Every aspect of a person’s life is predetermined. He says people have only adopted the views of religion and put their faith in supreme beings such as God.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Nietzsche, on the other hand, views human nature in a different perspective. He believes man originated the idea of â€Å"free will† solely for the purpose of accountability to give men authority in crime and punishment. He also writes of the injustice in common misinterpretations of causation. Nietzsche focuses mainly on the relationship between cause and effect and â€Å"free will† whereas D’Holbach speaks more assertively about man’s predetermination and ignores any opposition one might have towards his point of view. Nietzsche also believes a person cannot be held accountable for their existence or living environment (also accountability is a major part of his idea). He states â€Å"No one gives a human being his qualities: not God, not society, not his parents or ancestors, and not himself.† On the contrary, D’Holbach believes some superior being is responsible for having a â€Å"master plan† for each human and giving them their characteristics, hence â€Å"we are cogs in the universe.† I interpret the ideas of these two philosophers to be closely related.

Bartleby I Would Prefer Not Too

Herman Melville's â€Å"Bartleby, the Scrivener† scrutinizes the impersonal, harsh, and isolating labor conditions in America soon after the industrial revolution. Bartleby is presented as a foil to his repressed and ignorant coworkers: Turkey, Nippers, and Gingernut who participate, however dysfunctionally , in the brutal system. In contrast, Bartleby distinguishes himself to the narrator and the reader as â€Å"the strangest [scrivener] I ever saw or heard of†( ) by rejecting the mundane work of copying legal documents and proof reading them.He embodies passive resistance through the repetition of the response â€Å"l would prefer not to† when faced with a command from his employer. Through the use of key words such as â€Å"would† and â€Å"prefer†, Melville gives Bartleby the appearance of submitting to his employer's, the lawyer's, judgment and authority. This display of subordinance, however, is only an illusion. Bartleby rejects the capitalis t hierarchy on which Wall Street is built and thus also rejects the lawyer's authority. What exactly does Bartleby â€Å"prefer not to do†?He prefers not to comply with the dehumanizing reality of the American capitalist economy. As scriveners, Bartleby and his coworkers live an automaton-like existence, robotically reproducing documents written by others. Unlike Bartleby, however, his coworkers have been indoctrinated into conforming through the never-fully- satisfying reward of wages. As stated by Karl Marx, a German economic revolutionary, â€Å"Capital is dead labor, which, vampire-like, lives only by sucking living labor, and lives he more, the more labor it sucks. (Marx) By â€Å"preferring not to† , Bartleby protests against alienating, mundane labor. The life- sucking effect of capitalism is also demonstrated by Bartlebys previous occupation as â€Å"a subordinate clerk in the Dead Letter Office† ( ). This Job consisted ofa â€Å"pallid hopelessnessâ⠂¬ ( ) of â€Å"continually handling these dead letters and assorting them for the flames†( ). Both of Bartleby's jobs provide no outlet for communication, individuality, creativity or growth.The apitalistic economy has stripped him of his humanity, and he would â€Å"prefer not† to continue taking part in it. By using the phrase, â€Å"l would prefer not to†, Bartlebys also causes the lawyer â€Å"to stagger in his own plainest faith† (1 1 and to doubt the rules upon which his own society is built.

The Goal A Process Of Ongoing Improvement By Eliyahu...

Book Report: The Goal Horane Williams MGMT 430: WB1 Sp.15 University of Baltimore Eliyahu M. Goldratt s The Goal: A Process of Ongoing Improvement by Eliyahu M.Goldratt and Jeff Cox has changed the way organizations do business and handle constraints. The Goal tells of a guy name Alex Rogo, whom is a supervisor at a production plant how he helps save his plant. At the beginning his plant was unproductive and faced a lot of constraints within. With his help, the plant eventually began productive. There are numerous of concepts and theories that can be learned from this novel, The Goal. The main goal of a firm is to of course seek profit. The Goal is a book that focuses greatly on the theory of constraints. Eliyahu Goldratt presents to us a story that demonstrates the critical techniques that any chief or CEO ought to take after to be effectively gainful, and equipped for coming to their objectives. The book effortlessly clarifies and shows numerous achievable routes for a firm to deal with constraints and everyday problem. The book also helps any person that is dealing with business issues, systems failure, and non-productivity. This book can also help with concepts in personal lives as well. Numerous individuals accept that to succeed in a business, experienced is need, with experienced comes with the knowledge of knowing profit matters. Goldratt exhibits that is vital to concentrate on the entire organization because one part of an

Example Of Pop Art Sculpture - 788 Words

Pop Art Sculpture As you may know Pop Art was a popular art movement. You probably know it mainly for different types of photographs in a way. Like Andy Warhol who has colorful portraits and different types of subjects. Like the red Elvis, Campbell’s soup can and many others. But you may have not really known that there is Pop Art Sculptures. I have seen a few around and of course I have seen pictures but I never really put it together that it was part of an art movement at the time. One really famous pop art sculpture that everyone may know very well is Robert Indiana’s LOVE sculpture which is located in New York City. You may have seen it in person but if not I’m sure that you may have at least seen it in a photograph. The LOVE†¦show more content†¦Mirror/Mirror-Table/Table by Richard Artschwager (1964) Neo-Pop Art This art movement is a postmodern movement from the 1980s. It refers to artist that were influenced by the Pop Art Movement. Jeff Koons is known for his kitsch style. A little background is he studied at Maryland Institute College of Art in Baltimore and the school of the Art Institute of Chicago. Then he ended up receiving his BFA from Maryland Institute College of Art 1976. Known for some of is iconic sculptures Rabbit and Balloon Dog as well monumental floral sculpture Puppy. So after doing some of the research for the Neo Pop Art I noticed that there were some different types of ways you can I guess consider it. With just it being different type of designs. With Koon’s he does sculptures as well as floral type sculptures. With this art movement I think it’s neat to see the difference between Neo Pop Art and just Pop Art and see the different types of art that each of them have and to see if there similar and different in any ways. Balloon Rabbit Mirror-polished stainless steel with transparent color coating Jeff Koon’s So for the creating your own piece of work. I tried to do something with the neo pop art in a way. Now I realize that it might be more considered just Pop Art but I wanted to try something. When I first started working on creating my own work of art I had the Neo Pop art in mind while creating. For the piece that I did I worked and created it inShow MoreRelatedThe Museum Of Modern Art Christmas Card1712 Words   |  7 Pages While the LOVE sculpture is in fact a sculpture, it actually originated as a print image for the Museum of Modern Art Christmas card in 1964. Shortly after it became a popular postage stamp, while finally becoming a sculpture in 1970. The idea behind this work of art originated when the Museum of Modern Art asked Indiana to design a Christmas card. He reflected upon his nomadic childhood, remembering posters he had frequently seen at a Christian Science churches with the words â€Å"God is love (RobertRead MoreDo A Work Of Fine Art?1157 Words   |  5 Pageswork of fine art. What came to mind? 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